Is the Christian under Law or Not under Law? 基督徒是否在律法之下？ 杰克 金尼尔 (Dr. Jack Kinneer) 著， 萧 華 译 小约翰 校 The Westminster Confession of Faith (WCF) teaches that the moral law of God, summarized in the Ten Commandments, is binding on all men, whether believers or unbelievers. All humans, therefore, are under the moral law as a duty owed to God according to the Westminster Confession. 威斯敏斯特信仰告白（以下简称“信条”）认为上帝的道德律简明扼要地概括在十诫之中且 约束所有人，无论是信徒还是非信徒。因此，根据“信条”，所有人都在道德律法之下，这 是人在上帝面前所当尽的本份。 God gave to Adam a law, as a covenant of works, by which He bound him and all his posterity to personal, entire, exact, and perpetual obedience; promised life upon the fulfilling, and threatened death upon the breach of it; and endued him with power and ability to keep it. (Westminster Confession of Faith 19:1) 上帝赐一律法给亚当，这是行为之约；上帝藉这约使亚当和 他所有的后裔，有义 务亲自、全然、切实、永远顺服祂。上帝应 许他们守约就得生命 ; 警告他们背约 就必死亡。 上帝也赐给亚 当力量， 使他有能力遵守这律法。（创 1:26－27； 2:17；罗 2:14－15；10:5；5:12，19；加 3:10，12；传 7:29；伯 28:28）。（信 条 19：1） 1 This law, after his fall, continued to be a perfect rule of righteousness; and, as such, was delivered by God upon Mount Sinai, in ten commandments, and written in two tables; the first four commandments containing our duty towards God; and the other six, our duty to man. (WCF 19:2) 这律法在亚当堕落之后，仍为公义的完美准则。既是这样，上帝就在西乃山以 “十 诫”颁布这律法，且刻于两块石版上（雅 1:25; 2:8, 10-12；罗 13:8-9；申 5:32； 10:4；出 34:1） ; 前四 诫包括我们对上帝当尽的本份， 其余六诫是我们对人的本 份（太 22:37-40；出 20:3-18）。（信条 19：2） 1 加粗部分为作者强调使用，《威斯敏斯特信仰告白》节选译文参照吕佩渊牧师译本 https://jidutu.org/。 1 The moral law doth for ever bind all, as well justified persons as others, to the obedience thereof; and that, not only in regard of the matter contained in it, but also in respect of the authority of God, the Creator, who gave it. Neither doth Christ, in the Gospel, any way dissolve, but much strengthen this obligation. (WCF 19.5) 道德律的确永远约束世上所有人，包括称义的人和其他人， 每个人都要遵守（罗 13:8－10；弗 6:2；约壹 2:3－4，7－8）。 遵守道德律的义务，不只是因为其内 容的缘 故，也是因为创造主上帝的权威，祂颁布了此道德律（雅 2:10－11）。 基督在福 音中，丝毫没有废掉此义务，反更坚固之（太 5:17－19；雅 2:8；罗 3:31）。（信条 19：5） But for many Christians, such teaching seems to contradict the explicit teaching of the Apostle Paul that the believer is not under law. 但是对许多基督徒来说，这样的教义似乎违背使徒保罗明确的教导 —— 信徒不在律法之 下. For sin shall no longer be your master, because you are not under the law, but under grace. (Romans 6:14 NIV) 罪必不能作你们的主，因你们不在律法之下，乃在恩典之下。 （罗马书 6:14 和 合本 ） Before the coming of this faith, we were held in custody under the law, locked up until the faith that was to come would be revealed. So the law was our guardian until Christ came that we might be justified by faith. Now that this faith has come, we are no longer under a guardian. (Galatians 3:23-25) 但这因信得救的理还未来以先，我们被看守在律法之下，直圈到那将来的真道显 明出来。这样，律法是我们训蒙的师傅，引我们到基督那里，使我们因信称义。但 这因信得救的理既然来到，我们从此就不在师傅的手下了。 （加拉太书 3:23-25） If the Bible clearly says that the believer is not under law, how can the confession affirm just the opposite? It is not that the Westminster divines were unaware of the above passages. Indeed, they recognized the tension and added that “Neither doth Christ, in the Gospel, any way dissolve, but much strengthen this obligation.” 如果圣经明确地说信徒不在律法之下，“信条”怎能说信徒在律法之下？威斯敏斯特大会先 贤并非没有意识到以上经文。事实上，他们已看明存在的张力并因此补充道“基督在福 音 中，丝毫没有废掉此义务，反而更坚固之。” In the Westminster standards, the term “law” is used in at least four different senses. It is used for the moral law, for the Old Covenant, for the ceremonies required under the Old Covenant and for the judicial laws of the Old Covenant. 2 在威斯敏斯特准则中，“律法”一词至少在四个不同层面上使用，它可以意味道德律法；作 为指代整个旧约；旧约下的礼仪律；和旧约中的司法律。 According to the Westminster Confession, the Christian is not under the Old Covenant administration; not under the ceremonial law of the Old Covenant; and not under the judicial laws of the Old Covenant. And neither is he under the moral law as a covenant of works. But he is under the moral law as duty and obligation to his Creator. These distinctions found in the Westminster Confession mirror the different uses of the word “law” (νόμος) in the New Testament. But many Christians read the New Testament assuming the word “law” always means the same thing whenever it is used. If Paul says we are “not under law,” the Westminster Confession errors in saying we are under the moral law as a standard of behavior. Some translation seek to avoid some of this confusion by adding “the” in front of “law” or capitalizing “Law” when the translators think the text is referring to the Old Covenant, the books of Moses or the Ten Commandments. 根据“信条”，基督徒不在旧约施行之下；不在旧约礼仪律法之下，不在旧约司法律之下； 也不在作为行为之约的道德律之下。